ÁP DỤNG KỸ THUẬT PCR LỒNG ĐA TÁC NHÂN TRONG XÁC ĐỊNH CĂN NGUYÊN GÂY BỆNH VÀ LỰA CHỌN KHÁNG SINH BAN ĐẦU Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM PHỔI CÓ THỞ MÁY

Abstract

Objective: Describe the results of Nested Multiplex PCR and bacterial culture in determining the cause of pneumonia at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Bach Mai hospital. Method: A prospective descriptive study on 50 patients diagnosed with pneumonia, who was intubated or tracheotomized. These patients were tested for Nested Multiplex PCR and bronchial fluid culture at the same time. Study was carried out from October 2022 to October 2023 at the ICU - Bach Mai Hospital. Results: 50 patients were studied included 33 male patients (66,0%) and 17 female patients (34,0%), average age: 57.24 ± 19.96 years. The leading bacterial causes of pneumonia in ICU are Klebsiella pneumoniae (33.3%), Acinetobacter baumannii (20.0%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.7%). The rate of antibiotic resistance is increasing over time. The agreement between PCR results and culture was high (68.0%). Semi-quantitative PCR results of 10⁵ or higher have a rate of over 50% of bacterial cultures that match the PCR results. Conclusion: The leading bacterial causes of pneumonia in ICU are Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The rate of antibiotic resistance is increasing over time. There was agreement between the results of Nested Multiplex PCR and bacterial culture. However, PCR results return time is faster than culture.