KHẢO SÁT MẠCH MÁU VÕNG MẠC VÙNG HOÀNG ĐIỂM Ở BỆNH NHÂN THOÁI HÓA HOÀNG ĐIỂM TUỔI GIÀ GIAI ĐOẠN SỚM VÀ TRUNG BÌNH BẰNG MÁY CHỤP OCTA

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate retinal vascular alterations in early and intermediate stages AMD stages. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Zeiss Cirrus Angioplex scans and a macular cube 6mm x 6mm scan were taken of 30 eyes with intermediate AMD, 30 eyes with early AMD and 30 control eyes. Main variables are Superficial Vascular Density (SVD), Deep Vascular Density (DVD) and Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness (GCC). Results: There was no statistically significant difference observed in the study groups’ average age, gender distribution, visual acuity and intraocular pressure. The SVD was 24,57 ± 2,93%, 23,15 ± 1,92% và 22,21 ± 2,24% in the control, early and intermediate AMD groups, respectively. With p = 0,01, a statistically different between the intermediate group and the control group was found. The DVD was 21,17 ± 1,99%, 20,22 ± 2,52% và 18,93 ± 2,80% in the control, early and intermediate AMD groups, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in the early and intermediate AMD groups compared to controls, with p values of 0.031 and 0.001, respectively. Note the correlation between ganglion cell complex thickness and superficial layer vascular density in the intermediate-stage AMD group (R = 0.551, p = 0.002). Conclusion: When comparing the group of patients with early-stage AMD to normal individuals of the same age, only a decrease in deep layer blood vessel density was seen. During the intermediate stage, there was a noted decline in the density of blood vessels in both the superficial and deep layers. Notably, the thickness of the ganglion cell complex was found to be correlated to the decrease in SVD. This finding implies that the retinal vascular system is impacted by age-related macular degeneration, leading to alterations in retinal anatomy during the intermediate phases when vision is not significantly compromised.