THỰC TRẠNG KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ CHỦNG VI KHUẨN GÂY NHIỄM KHUẨN HUYẾT PHÂN LẬP ĐƯỢC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN E NĂM 2022

Abstract

Septicaemia poses a significant public health challenge due to its severe and often fatal nature. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains compounds the complexity of treatment, resulting in increased healthcare costs. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted at E Hospital, aimed to characterize prevalent bacterial strains and assess their antibiotic resistance patterns in blood cultures. Results: The findings revealed a 22.3% positivity rate in blood cultures. The predominant pathogens identified were Escherichia coli (27.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (12.6%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (7.7%). Notably, the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production rates were 63.4% for E. coli and 12.4% for K. pneumoniae. E. coli demonstrated the lowest resistance to amikacin (1.2%), carbapenem (3.7%), and piperacillin–tazobactam (6.2%), while exhibiting resistance ranging from 13.4% to 69.5% to other antibiotics, while K. pneumoniae exhibited the highest resistance to ampicillin (100%), ampicillin/sulbactam (100%), and piperacillin (91.2%), with the lowest resistance observed for amikacin (9.7%). A. baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa displayed antibiotic resistance rates ranging from 22.7% to 60.9% and 18.2% to 45.5%, respectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was identified in 71.1% of cases, with the highest resistance observed against benzylpenicillin (97.4%) and erythromycin (71.1%). Notably, no vancomycin- or linezolid-resistant S. aureus strains were reported. Conclusion: E. coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus emerged as the primary causative agents of sepsis, showcasing varying degrees of resistance to the antibiotics investigated.