ĐÁNH GIÁ THAY ĐỔI PHÁT ÂM Ở TRẺ 4-6 TUỔI ĐƯỢC CHẨN ĐOÁN VA ĐỘ III VÀ IV

Abstract

Adenoid hypertrophy reduces the flow of air through the nose during pronunciation, causing resonance disorder, children will have difficulty pronouncing the nasal sounds /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, in Vietnamese are /m/,/n/,/ng/,/nh/. Hypertrophic adenoids may cause hyponasality by obliterating the nasopharynx or obstructing the choanae. This study was conducted to evaluate pronunciation changes in 4-6 years old children with Adenoid hypertrophy stage III, IV. The study was conducted on 36 children 4 to 6 years old who underwent adenoidectomy at the Vietnam National Children's hospital from August 2020 to the end of August 2021. The results showed that 61.1% were males and 38.9% were female; children aged 4 to 6 years old accounted for 11.1%, 47.6% and 41.3%, respectively. The main reason for adenoidectomy was snoring at38.9%, recurrent otitis media 27.8%, closed nasal voice 19.3%, and sleep apnea 13.9%. On physical examination, the patient did not have acute nasopharyngitis. The percentage of adenoid hypertrophy stage III, IV were 80.6% and 19.4%. Assessment of pronunciation before adenoidectomy: unable to pronounce /m/ 21.3%, /n/ 34.6%, /ng/ 59.6%, /nh/ 61.2%; 2 weeks after adenoidectomy: unable to pronounce sounds /m/ 5.6%,/n/ 8.3%, /ng/11.1%, /nh/ 8.3%.Assessment of sound quality through analysis of neutral tones is the vowel /a/. Tones before adenoidectomy were Shimmer 3,6%, Jitter 1.6%, HNR 21.005 dB, respectively; F0 135 ± 1.7Hz. After adenoidectomy, Shimmer 3.0%, Jitter 0.9%, HNR 17.943 dB; F0 119 ± 1.2 Hz. There was a significant improvement in Jitter and HNR, suggesting the effectiveness in improving the voice of children with adenoid hypertrophy grade III-IV after adenoidectomy.