ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG U QUÁI CÙNG CỤT Ở TRẺ EM

Abstract

Background: Sacrococcygeal teratoma is an extragenital germ cell tumor originating from the coccyx, most of which are benign, but a few can be malignant or have the potential for malignancy. Aims: Describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of sacrococcygeal teratoma in children operated on at the national children's hospital from January 2016 to December 2022. Materials and methods: Retrospective study describing all patients diagnosed with sacrococcygeal teratomas, operated on at the general surgery center of the National Children's Hospital, from January 2016 to December 2022. Results: There were 44 patients including 14 male (31.8%) and 30 female (68.2%). The median age of patients was 44.5 days (2-4278 days). There were 17 patients (38.64%) prenatal diagnosis. Common clinical symptoms are sacral mass (100%), 5 patients (11.36%) have urinary incontinence (3 patients with fecal incontinence, 1 patient with urinary incontinence and 1 patient with urinary retention).  2 patients (4.55%) had tumor rupture. Tumor classification according to Altman: Type I 24 patients (54.55%), type II 15 patients (34.09%), type III 5 patients (11.36%), no patients with type IV. Paraclinical symptoms: 11 patients (25%) had alpha-fetoprotein levels higher than their age. The average tumor size on magnetic resonance imaging is 54.45 ± 26.60mm (15-124mm). Most of the tumors are mixed, 27 patients (61.36%), tumors have clear boundaries (40 patients, 90.91%), 4 patients (9.09%) are invasive tumors spinal canal, 2 patients (4.55%) had tumors invade the perineal muscles, 81.82% of sacrococcygeal teratomas were mature teratomas. Conclusion: The clinical symptoms of sacrococcygeal teratoma is the appearance of a mass in the sacrococcygeal region, the incidence is more common in female than male, most are mixed tumors, can be prenatal diagnosed