HẠ KALI MÁU VÀ CÁC KẾT CỤC NỘI VIỆN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU CƠ TIM CẤP: NGHIÊN CỨU CẮT NGANG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN CHỢ RẪY

Abstract

Introduction: Death from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the early hours is often attributed to arrhythmias, particularly ventricular arrhythmias. Hypokalemia is noted as a factor contributing to the increased complications of arrhythmias and mortality in AMI patients. In Vietnam, data on the association between hypokalemia and in-hospital outcomes in acute AMI patients are still limited. Objective: The study was conducted to determine the correlation between hypokalemia and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Subjects: Patients with acute myocardial infarction were admitted to the Interventional Cardiology Department at Cho Ray Hospital from May 2023 to September 2023. Study design: Cross-sectional study description. Results: The study enrolled 155 acute myocardial infarction patients meeting the research criteria, with an average age of 65.1 ± 12.1 years and a male predominance (71.6%). The most common comorbidities included hypertension (69.7%), diabetes mellitus (38.2%), dyslipidemia (41.3%), and chronic coronary syndrome (21.9%). The prevalence of hypokalemia in the study was 34.2%, with mild hypokalemia being predominant (64.2%), moderate hypokalemia at 28.3%, and severe hypokalemia at 7.5%. There was no significant difference in the rates of ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation) and in-hospital mortality between the hypokalemia and non-hypokalemia groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of hypokalemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction is 34.2%, with the majority experiencing mild hypokalemia. The study has not observed any correlation between hypokalemia and ventricular arrhythmias or in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients.