ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG VÀ TÌNH HÌNH MẮC MỘT SỐ BỆNH LIÊN QUAN DINH DƯỠNG CỦA TRẺ DƯỚI 5 TUỔI ĐẾN KHÁM TẠI VIỆN DINH DƯỠNG NĂM 2023

Abstract

Objective: Evaluate the nutritional status, the situation of some nutrition-related diseases and some related factors in children under 5 coming for examination at the Department of Child Nutrition Counselling – National Institute of Nutrition (DCNC-NIN) in 2023. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 960 children 0-59 months old visited at DCNC-NIN in 2023 and their mothers. Results: (1) The underweight, stunting and wasting rates of children under 5 years old visited DCNC-NIN in 2023 are 29.8%, 30.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. The overweight and obese rate is 1.8%. (2) Medical conditions related to nutrition of children under 5 visited DCNC-NIN focus on conditions such as anorexia syndrome, mild-malnutrition, moderate/severe malnutrition, constipation, and rickets. Stunted malnourished children are 1.87 times more likely to have anemia and 1.6 times more likely to have iron deficiency than non-malnourished children. (3) In most contents, the percentage of mothers with knowledge and practice in raising and caring for children are over 80%. However, there are still some contents with a good knowledge/practice rate of less than 50%, especially the good practice rate of when to breastfeed a baby after birth is only 24.4%. (4) The proportion of children with adequate dietary energy compared to the RDA is only 53.2%. Children consume a variety of foods with regular frequency, except for the cooking oil/lard group where the percentage of children consuming lard not or less than once a month is up to 52.3% and 21.6% for cooking oil. Conclusion: Children visited DCNC-NIN have a high rate of malnutrition; mothers with good knowledge/practice of raising and caring for children still has low rates in some contents.