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THE EFFICACY OF NEBULIZED BUDESONIDE IN TREATING MODERATE ACUTE ASTHMA EXACERBATIONS IN CHILDREN: A SINGLE-CENTER, RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
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Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of inhaled budesonide in the treatment of moderate acute asthma exacerbations in children aged 6-15 years. Materials and methods: Patients aged 6-15 years diagnosed with moderate acute asthma exacerbations were treated in the Emergency Department of Can Tho Children's Hospital from June 2024 to December 2024. Results: The average age of the study subjects was 8.95 ± 2.27, with a male/female ratio of approximately 2.3/1. Common symptoms of bronchial asthma included cough (97.6%), wheezing (97.6%), shortness of breath (98.8%), accessory respiratory muscle use (93.3%), and rales or rhonchi (98.8%). Regarding treatment efficacy, the experimental group (with nebulized budesonide) showed significantly higher rates of functional symptom improvement compared to the control group (with oral corticoid) at time points T1 and T2 (p < 0.05), and the rate of improvement in physical symptoms at time point T1 was also higher in the experimental group compared to the control group (p = 0.027). At time points T1 and T2, the PAS score significantly decreased with statistical significance (p < 0.001) in the study group compared to the control group (7.2 ± 0.84 vs. 8.24 ± 0.94 and 6.41 ± 1.02 vs. 5.95 ± 1). Most subjects were treated successfully, however, there was no difference in treatment outcomes between the two groups (95.1% and 87.8%). The majority of patients did not require rehospitalization within 48 hours (95.1%), with no difference between the groups. The average length of stay in the emergency department for the experimental and control groups was 4.73 ± 1.53 hours and 5.51 ± 1.8 hours, respectively (p = 0.037). Conclusion: A treatment regimen including budesonide helps to improve early clinical symptoms, while also reducing hospitalization time in children with moderate acute asthma exacerbations treated in the emergency department.
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Keywords
Moderate acute asthma exacerbation, Emergency Department, budesonide.
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