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Ngày xuất bản: 24/11/2025
Số lượt xem tóm tắt: 102
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.51298/vmj.v556i2.16200
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Tập 556 Số 2 (2025): Vietnam Medical Journal
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Le, H. T. Q. ., Le, T. D. Q. ., Nguyen, P.-V. ., & Nguyen, B. V. . (2025). Assessment of enzymatic virulence traits of Candida albicans in immunocompromised cancer patients. Tạp Chí Y học Việt Nam, 556(2). https://doi.org/10.51298/vmj.v556i2.16200

Assessment of enzymatic virulence traits of Candida albicans in immunocompromised cancer patients

Le Hanh Thu Quang 1, Le Tien Dat Quang 1, Nguyen Phuoc-Vinh 2, Nguyen Bac V.G 3,
1 Faculty of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City
2 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City
3 School of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City

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Tóm tắt

Background: Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen commonly found in immunocompromised individuals, including cancer patients. The expression of virulence-associated enzymes plays a crucial role in its pathogenicity. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic virulence profiles of Candida albicans isolates obtained from cancer patients and compare them to the reference strain ATCC 10231. Methods: A total of 46 clinical isolates were assessed for the production of protease, lecithinase, lipase, phospholipase, esterase, hemolysin, coagulase, and DNase using standard plate-based assays. Enzyme activities were recorded and classified as negative, low, moderate, or high. Results: Proteolytic activity was commonly expressed among clinical isolates and consistent with the ATCC 10231 reference strain, with only three isolates lacking protease production. Lecithinase and lipase activities were uniformly negative in both clinical and reference strains. In contrast, none of the clinical isolates showed high phospholipase activity; 80.4% were categorized as low producers, and 19.6% exhibited moderate activity. Esterase and hemolysin activities were mostly moderate, comparable to the reference strain. For coagulase, only 34.8% of isolates showed activity at 4 hours, increasing to 63.0% after 24 hours. DNase activity varied, with 17.4% of isolates showing no detectable activity. Conclusion: The study reveals conserved expression of some enzymatic virulence factors such as protease, esterase, and hemolysin among C. albicans isolates from cancer patients, while phospholipase, coagulase, and DNase activities exhibited strain-specific variability. These findings highlight the heterogeneous expression of virulence determinants in clinical isolates and underscore the need for individualized assessment in high-risk patient populations.

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Từ khóa

Candida albicans, Virulence Factors, Fungal, Enzymes, Clinical Isolates

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