RỐI LOẠN PHỔ VIÊM TỦY THỊ THẦN KINH: HỒI CỨU 74 TRƯỜNG HỢP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC TP.HCM

Abstract

Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by bilateral optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. This is a neurological disease that has recurrent attacks with incomplete recovery. However, research on clinical, paraclinical and treatment of NMOSD in Vietnam is still limited. Objective: Describe the clinical characteristics of NMOSD. Research subjects and methods: Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of 74 NMOSD patients admitted at University Medical Center in Ho Chi Minh City from January 2018 to October 2022 who met the 2015 International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Results: Female: male ratio is 10:1. Median age of onset is 37.5 years [30.2; 46.8] with the minimum of 15 and the maximum of 78. The most common clinical manifestation as the first attack is acute myelitis (46.6%), optic neuritis (25.9%). Median of duration from the first clinical symptoms to NMOSD diagnosis is 18 months [2;39], with 0 months (i.e. immediate diagnosis) at the minimum and 252 months at the maximum. Three common misdiagnoses before NMOSD diagnosis are MS 20.7%, myelitis 31%, and optic neuritis 15.5%.