NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH, MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN TUÂN THỦ ĐIỀU TRỊ VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ CAN THIỆP TRUYỀN THÔNG GIÁO DỤC SỨC KHOẺ TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYPE 2 ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ TẠI TRUNG TÂM Y TẾ HUYỆN BÀU BÀNG, TỈNH BÌNH DƯƠNG NĂM 2023 – 2024

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by late diagnosis and high treatment costs, leading to many dangerous complications. The goal of diabetes treatment is to control blood glucose levels within allowable limits to minimize the risk of complications. Adherence to treatment is a crucial factor in disease management.Objectives: 1) Determining the prevalence of treatment adherence in outpatients with type 2 diabetes at Bàu Bàng District Health Center, Bình Dương Province, in 2023-2024. 2) Identifying factors related to treatment adherence in these patients. 3) Evaluating the effectiveness of health education communication interventions on treatment adherence in outpatients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study combined with non-controlled intervention was conducted on 283 diabetes patients aged 18 and higher, who were receiving outpatient treatment at Bau Bang District Health Center. Results: The overall treatment adherence prevalence e among patients was 22.3%, with adherence to medication at 60.1%, adherence to physical activity at 55.1%, adherence to nutrition at 25.1%, and adherence to blood glucose monitoring and follow-up visits at 58.7%. Factors related to overall treatment adherence included age under 60, urban residence, education level of secondary school or higher, disease duration of less than 1 year, treatment duration of less than 1 year, and correct knowledge about diabetes. After a 3-month intervention involving in communication with 220 non-adherent patients, treatment adherence prevalence improved: overall adherence 10.9%, medication adherence to 56.4% (p=0.105, efficacy: 15.9%), physical activity adherence to 58.2% (p<0.001, efficacy: 37.6%), nutrition adherence to 38.2% (p<0.001, efficacy: 950%), and adherence to blood glucose monitoring and follow-up visits to 84.5% (p<0.001, efficacy: 80.6%). The fasting blood glucose index achieved the target in 33.6% of patients (p<0.001, efficacy: 55.4%). Conclusions: Health education communication is effective in improving treatment adherence and helps control blood glucose levels in diabetes patients.