TÌNH HÌNH KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE GÂY NHIỄM KHUẨN HÔ HẤP Ở TRẺ EM DƯỚI 6 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA ĐỨC GIANG NĂM 2023

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of respiratory infections, particularly in young children, and presents significant treatment challenges due to antibiotic resistance. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed the infection rate and antibiotic resistance profile of S. pneumoniae isolated from children under six years with respiratory infections at Duc Giang General Hospital in 2023. Results: The overall infection rate of S. pneumoniae was 7.7% (421/5453). The infection rate was significantly higher in children aged 1-5 years compared to those under 1 year (OR = 1.67; p<0.01), with the highest prevalence observed in pediatric patients (10.4%). The S. pneumoniae strains exhibited high resistance rates to Clindamycin (96.2%), Tetracycline (90%), and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (60.2%), and near-total resistance to Erythromycin (99.5%). Conversely, the bacteria showed high sensitivity to Rifampin (99.2%), Chloramphenicol (91.5%), Ceftriaxone (84.8%), Penicillin G (74.2%), and Cefotaxime (68.4%). Notably, S. pneumoniae demonstrated 100% sensitivity to Fluoroquinolones (Moxifloxacin, Levofloxacin), Vancomycin, and Linezolid. Conclusions: The infection rate of S. pneumoniae varies with age and treatment department. Effective antibiotics for treating respiratory infections caused by S. pneumoniae include Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Linezolid, and Vancomycin.