ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ CẤY GHÉP NHA KHOA CÓ MÁNG HƯỚNG DẪN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN MẤT RĂNG CỐI LỚN HÀM DƯỚI

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical, subclinical characteristics and evaluate implant stability, peri-implant bone loss after implant surgery in patients with loss of mandibular molars. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 31 patients with loss of mandibular molars who were assigned and agreed to undergo implant surgery at Ho Chi Minh city Odonto-Stomatology hospital from April 2023 to April 2024. Results: In the study, the mean age of the patients was 6.58 ± 12.37, the age group ≤ 45 accounted for 80.7%, and women accounted for 72.0%. Regarding clinical characteristics, caries is the most common cause of loss of lower molars (45.2%), the most popular location is first molar (77.4%). Regarding subclinical characteristics, most patients have thick gingival phenotype (64.52%), the mucosal thickness covering the region that the implant is placed was 2-3 mm, accounted for 58.06%. Bone density is mainly D2 (45.2%) and D3 (32.3%), D4 is the lowest (9.6%). Regarding treatment characteristics, the most used implant diameters are 3.8 mm and 4.2 mm (35.5% and 38.7%), and 77.4% of patients used 10 mm long implants. Treatment results recorded that the mean initial stability of the implant was 75.88 ± 7.80, and in most positions, ISQ tended to gradually increase over the survey times (p < 0.05). The mean level of peri-implant bone loss increased at 6 months compared to 3 months post-surgery (1.09 ± 0.67 and 1.39 ± 0.75, p = 0.004). Conclusion: Patients with loss of mandibular molars are mainly due to tooth decay as the main cause and mostly in tooth 6, the most common is the gingival pattern and thick mucosa along with bone density D2, D3. Guided implant surgery is effective in restoring lost mandibular molars when good initial stability is achieved and gradually increases, while the level of bone loss is acceptable.