NGUYÊN NHÂN VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ SUY HÔ HẤP Ở TRẺ ĐẺ NON TẠI KHOA SƠ SINH, BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA XANH PÔN

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the etiologies and treatment outcomes of respiratory distress in preterm neonates. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 181 preterm neonates with respiratory distress in the Neonatal Department of Saint-Paul General Hospital from August 2022 to March 2024. Results: The study population predominantly comprised male neonates (72.9%), with a mean gestational age of 33.5 ± 3.6 weeks and a mean birth weight of 2133.8 ± 629.0 grams. Severe respiratory distress was observed in 22% of cases, while 78% presented with mild respiratory distress. The majority of cases (69%) were attributed to a single etiology, with pulmonary disorders, primarily hyaline membrane disease (82.3%), being the most prevalent cause. 92,2% of patients recovered and were discharged, while 6.1% either died or were discharged at their family's request, and 1.7% were transferred to other facilities. Factors associated with poor treatment outcomes included: extremely preterm birth (<28 weeks), extremely low birth weight (<1000 grams), and severe respiratory distress at admission. Conclusions: Hyaline membrane disease was the principal etiology of respiratory distress in premature neonates. Most cases demonstrated a positive response to treatment with a high rate of recovery and hospital discharge.