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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN 25-OH VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND THE SEVERITY OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
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Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Recent studies have indicated a relationship between 25-OH Vitamin D and lung function, with low levels of 25-OH Vitamin D potentially exacerbating COPD severity. Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between 25-OH Vitamin D levels and the severity of COPD, as well as the risk factors for frequent exacerbations in stable COPD patients. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 163 stable COPD patients at Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital from January 2024 to June 2024. Results: The mean age of the patients was 67.1 ± 8,8 years, with males comprising the majority (87.7%) and 80.4% having a history of smoking. The average 25-OH Vitamin D level was 28.4 ± 11.5 ng/ml, and 61.3% of patients were Vitamin D deficient. Patients using inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for more than 3 months had a higher prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (p<0.001). The Vitamin D-deficient group exhibited higher dyspnea scores (mMRC ≥ 2; 66.9% vs. 33.1%, p=0.017) and higher CAT scores (18 ± 5.5 vs. 14.25 ± 6.5, p=0.035). FEV1 percentages were positively correlated (r = 0.25) with 25-OH Vitamin D levels, while CAT scores and the number of exacerbations showed a negative correlation (r = -0.37 and -0.35, respectively) (p<0.05). Vitamin D deficiency was an independent risk factor for frequent exacerbations, with deficient patients having a 2.23 times higher risk compared to non-deficient patients (OR=2.23, p=0.041). Additionally, each 1-point increase in CAT score raised the risk of frequent exacerbations by 1.13 times (OR=1.13, p=0.002). Conclusion: The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in the study population was 61.3%. Vitamin D deficiency is a significant risk factor for increased disease severity and exacerbation frequency in COPD patients, highlighting the potential need for Vitamin D supplementation in disease management
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Keywords
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, Vitamin D, ICS
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