KẾT QUẢ THAY ĐỔI TRỤC CƠ HỌC SAU THAY KHỚP GỐI TOÀN PHẦN ĐIỀU TRỊ THOÁI HOÁ KHỚP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN VIỆT ĐỨC

Abstract

Objective: Describe the clinical and radiographic features of the patient group and evaluate changes in the mechanical axis following total knee replacement surgery. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional, longitudinal study was conducted without a control group on 55 patients with knee osteoarthritis and an axis deviation greater than 5°, who underwent total knee replacement surgery at Viet Duc Hospital from June 2023 to June 2024. Results: Among the patients with knee osteoarthritis in the study, 76.4% experienced pain when walking, and 100% had limited movement and morning stiffness. The most common deformity was varus deformity (50.9%). X-ray results showed bone spurs in over 80% of cases, predominantly in the medial compartment (56.4%), along with other lesions such as subchondral sclerosis (100%), bone cysts, and foreign bodies, with incidence rates ranging from 27% to 47%. Postoperatively, the lower limb mechanical axis improved by an average of 7.2° ± 0.43°, with all joints achieving realignment to physiological levels. There was significant improvement in knee joint clinical scores and functional scores. Conclusion: After total knee replacement surgery for patients with severe knee osteoarthritis and axis deformity, the lower limb mechanical axis was successfully realigned to physiological levels, improving pain and joint function for the patients.