THỰC TRẠNG NHIỄM KHUẨN BỆNH VIỆN TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC TÍCH CỰC BỆNH VIỆN E (01/2023 – 06/2023)

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit (ICU) of E Hospital. Subjects and methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted on 179 patients with mechanical ventilation and airway intervention who were treated in the ICU for more than 48 hours and were diagnosed with hospital-acquired infection (HAI) and had positive bacterial culture results at the ICU of E Hospital from January 2023 to June 2023. Results: A total of 179 patients were included, with 120 males (67.0%) and 59 females (33.0%). The age group over 60 accounted for the highest proportion (66.5%). The overall prevalence of HAI was 24.6%. Among the 44 patients with new onset HAI, 31 patients had new onset HAI once (70.4%), 8 patients had new onset HAI twice (18.2%), and 5 patients had new onset HAI three times (11.4%). The most common causative agents of HAI were Klebsiella pneumoniae (40.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (23%), Candida albicans (9.5%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.1%). Klebsiella pneumoniae showed nearly complete resistance (93.3%) to broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics of the carbapenem group, and remained mainly susceptible to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Acinetobacter baumannii showed nearly complete resistance (85.7%-100%) to all antibiotics, and remained mainly susceptible to aminoglycoside antibiotics at a low level and intermediate susceptibility to colistin. Conclutions: The HAI prevalence in the ICU of E Hospital in the first 6 months of 2023 was high (24.6%). Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii were the predominant HAI causative agents. Effective infection control measures and rational antibiotic use need to be strengthened in the ICU to limit HAI and reduce antibiotic resistance rates.