NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA SỐT XUẤT HUYẾT DENGUE Ở TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2023

Abstract

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DF) is an infectious disease that occurs year-round in Vietnam with a mortality rate that is still present in the provinces and cities. Researching the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics helps to make an accurate diagnosis to have a plan for close monitoring and timely treatment to reduce the mortality rate for patients. Target: Describe some epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of children with dengue fever at the Center for Tropical Diseases - National Children Hospital. Research subjects: 164 children with dengue fever treated at the Tropical Disease Center of the National Children's Hospital Methods: Description of a case series, 1-year study (7/2023- 6/2024). Results: The average age of DF patients was 8.6 ± 0.41 years old. The age group of 11-15 years old had a high rate of 49.5%, 6-10 years old: 29.9%, 2-5 years old: 27.4% and < 1 year old: 1.8%. The ratio of male: female children was 1:1. High fever rate: 100%. Nausea: 51.8%, loss of appetite 47.6%, skin congestion: 39.6%, headache, vomiting, diarrhea were less common. Dengue fever has warning signs, severe abdominal pain, liver pain 51.2%, subcutaneous hemorrhage 44.2%, pleural and peritoneal effusion were most common. The rate of severe DF: 4.2%; DF shock: 57%, respiratory failure: 28.6%, severe liver failure: 14.3%. Low platelet count, high Hct, high GPT liver enzymes, low Albumin were found in high proportion in severe DF group. Abdominal ultrasound images were normal in 43.9%, abnormal in 56.1%, mostly ascites and gallbladder wall thickening. Conclusions: Dengue fever is common in children over 5 years old, high fever and signs of digestive disorders are common in the disease. Patients with low platelet count, high Hct, high GPT enzyme, low Albumin often have a higher rate of severe dengue. Abdominal ultrasound images of patients are very diverse, the most common are ascites and gallbladder wall thickening.