ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG CỦA BỆNH NHÂN BỊ RỐI LOẠN KHỚP THÁI DƯƠNG HÀM CÓ CHỈ ĐỊNH ĐIỀU TRỊ BẰNG MÁNG NHAI ỔN ĐỊNH

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the clinical features of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) who are indicated for stabilization splint treatment. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 36 patients (18 years and older) diagnosed with TMD according to McNeil’s criteria, from May 2023 to October 2024 at the Department of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, and the School of Dentistry, Hanoi Medical University. Results: Upon admission, 86.1% of patients presented with joint pain, followed by joint sounds (61.1%) and muscle pain (44.4%). A total of 38.89% of patients had unilateral joint sounds, while 22.22% had bilateral joint sounds. In addition, 33.3% showed a deviated opening–closing path; 25.0% had a zigzag opening path. Twelve out of 36 patients (33.3%) had restricted mouth opening (mean amplitude of 27.3 ± 2.6 mm). Tooth extraction was the most common risk factor (38.8%), followed by unilateral chewing (36.1%) and prosthetic restorations (27.7%). Conclusions: In patients with TMD, joint pain, joint sounds, and muscle pain are the most frequently reported symptoms. A considerable proportion also had a deviated or zigzag opening path and limited mouth opening. Tooth extraction and chewing on one side were the predominant risk factors. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to more accurately assess the prevalence and clinical findings in this patient population.