MỐI LIÊN HỆ GIỮA BIỂU HIỆN P53 VÀ CÁC ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG – MÔ BỆNH HỌC CỦA U NGUYÊN BÀO THẦN KINH ĐỆM – MỘT NGHIÊN CỨU TẠI BỆNH VIỆN CHỢ RẪY

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the association between p53 expression and clinical–histopathological features in glioblastoma. Materials and Methods: A descriptive case series study was conducted on 100 glioblastoma cases at Cho Ray Hospital. p53 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and categorized as normal or abnormal. Clinical data, imaging findings, and histopathological features were retrospectively collected and analyzed for their association with p53 expression using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Abnormal p53 expression was observed in 47% of cases. This expression was significantly associated with younger patient age (p < 0.001), sampling method (p = 0.022), histological subtype (p = 0.004), and the presence of multinucleated giant cells (p = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three independent factors associated with abnormal p53 expression: age ≥ 50 years was associated with a lower risk of abnormal p53 expression (OR = 0.33; p = 0.019), a history of prior brain tumors also decreased the risk (OR = 0.14; p = 0.027), whereas the presence of multinucleated giant cells significantly increased the risk (OR = 4.35; p = 0.002). Conclusion: Abnormal p53 expression is strongly associated with certain histopathological features, particularly the presence of multinucleated giant cells, and tends to occur in younger patients without a prior history of brain tumors. These factors may contribute to risk stratification and guide monitoring and treatment strategies in glioblastoma patients.