ĐÁNH GIÁ CHỨC NĂNG TIỀN ĐÌNH CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYPE 2 BẰNG HỆ THỐNG GHI HÌNH KIỂM TRA LẮC ĐẦU (VIDEO HEAD IMPULSE TEST – VHIT)

Abstract

Background: Animal studies suggest diabetes may impair vestibular function. However, human studies using the video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) have yielded inconclusive results. This study aimed to compare vestibular function between patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and healthy controls, hypothesizing that T2DM patients would have lower horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex gain (h-gain). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Military Hospital 175 (April–August 2024), enrolling T2DM patients without vestibular symptoms and healthy controls. All participants underwent vHIT. Noisy signals were excluded. Two comparisons were made: (1) absolute h-gain values after noise filtering and (2) proportion of participants with abnormal h-gain (<0.8) using raw data. Results: 42 participants (21 T2DM, 21 controls) were included. T2DM patients had slightly lower average h-gain (left: 1.03 vs 1.08; right: 1.02 vs 1.08), but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.14). Two T2DM patients had reduced gain, while no such cases were observed in the control group. Conclusion: Although no statistically significant differences were found using vHIT, vestibular dysfunction in T2DM patients cannot be ruled out, as vHIT may not detect impairments at lower stimulation frequencies.