ĐẶC ĐIỂM HỘI CHỨNG CHUYỂN HÓA THEO TIÊU CHUẨN MỚI 2022 Ở BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU CƠ TIM CẤP KHÔNG ST CHÊNH LÊN ĐƯỢC CAN THIỆP MẠCH VÀNH QUA DA

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence and describe the characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MetS) based on the new 2022 definition in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 222 NSTEMI patients (mean age 69.9 ± 12.1 years, 59.9% male). MetS was diagnosed when patients had obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²) and ≥ 2 of the following 3 components: hypertension (HTN), prediabetes/diabetes mellitus (DM), and elevated non-HDL-C. Results: The prevalence of MetS according to the new 2022 criteria was 19.8%. The most common components were HTN (67.1%), elevated non-HDL-C (45.5%), prediabetes/DM (40.1%), and obesity (31.5%). The two most frequent combinations, each accounting for 65.9%, were obesity with HTN and prediabetes/DM, and obesity with prediabetes/DM and elevated non-HDL-C. Patients with MetS had significantly higher systolic blood pressure, GRACE scores, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, total cholesterol, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and hs-Troponin T (all p <0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the prevalence of multivessel coronary artery disease (75% vs. 61.8%, p = 0.14) or Gensini score (27 vs. 28, p = 0.57) between the two groups. Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS according to the 2022 criteria in NSTEMI patients undergoing PCI was 19.8%, with HTN and elevated non-HDL-C being the most common components. Although patients with MetS exhibited more severe metabolic disturbances and higher acute cardiovascular risk, the extent of coronary artery disease did not differ significantly compared to those without MetS.