THỰC TRẠNG BỆNH RĂNG MIỆNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÍP 2 TẠI BỆNH VIỆN THÁI THƯỢNG HOÀNG

Abstract

Objective: To describe the oral health status and some related factors among type 2 diabetic patients at Thai Thuong Hoang Hospital, Vinh city in 2024. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 209 type 2 diabetic patients examined and treated at Thai Thuong Hoang Hospital from July 2024 to December 2024. Data were collected through interviews and clinical examinations of dental indices such as Gingival Index (GI), Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL), and Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The majority of patients had moderate gingivitis (88.0%). Only 1.5% of patients had good/very good oral hygiene, while 68.4% had poor oral hygiene. The prevalence of 4-5mm clinical attachment loss was 81.3%. The rates of dental caries and tooth loss were very high, at 97.6% and 90.4% respectively. The mean DMFT index was 6.47, which increased in the group with a disease duration of >5 years and in older age groups (p<0.05). Patients with diabetic complications had a 2.3 times higher risk of primary caries (OR=2.3; 95%CI: 1.1-4.7) and a 2.3 times higher rate of poor oral hygiene (OR=2.3; 95%CI: 1.1-4.7) compared to the group without complications. Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes in this study presented a high burden of oral diseases, demonstrated by high prevalence rates of gingivitis, dental caries, tooth loss, and poor oral hygiene. The mean DMFT index was 6.47. Factors including age, disease duration, the presence of systemic complications, and irregular treatment were significantly associated with poorer oral health status. These findings highlight the urgent need to integrate dental care into the management protocols for patients with diabetes.