VAI TRÒ CỦA 18F-FDG PET/CT TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN GIAI ĐOẠN Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ VÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN UNG BƯỚU HÀ NỘI

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the staging of breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 50 patients diagnosed with breast cancer at Hanoi Oncology Hospital from May 2020 to May 2024. Patients underwent PET/CT scans for staging before treatment. Results: There was a positive correlation between the size of the primary tumor and its SUV, with a correlation coefficient r=0.768 (p<0.0001). The larger the tumor size, the higher the SUV. The mean SUV value in the group of tumors smaller than 2 cm was 2.5; from 2 to 5 cm, it was 6.02; over 5 cm, it was 13.1; and for tumors with skin invasion, it was 8.23. The uptake of ¹⁸F-FDG in the tumor not only helps distinguish between benign and malignant lesions but also reflects the intrinsic biological characteristics of the tumor. Therefore, in many cases, SUV not only has diagnostic value for cancer but may also have prognostic value for survival time and response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the diagnosis of nodal metastases, the sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT were 60% and 90.9%, respectively. The detection rate of distant metastases was 8/50 (16%); common sites of distant metastasis were bone, lung, liver, and metastatic lymph nodes. The SUV in the metastatic groups showed a significant difference (P<0.001), with bone metastases having the highest SUV. After PET/CT, the percentages for stages I, II, III, and IV were 8%, 48%, 28%, and 16%, respectively, compared to 10%, 56%, 32%, and 2% before the PET/CT scan. 22/50 patients (44%) had their stage changed after PET/CT. The treatment plan for 9/50 (18%) patients was changed after the PET/CT scan. Conclusions: PET/CT plays an important role in the staging of breast cancer. Accurately determining the stage of breast cancer with PET/CT helps change treatment strategies and avoid unnecessary treatment.