ỨNG DỤNG CHỈ SỐ VIÊM LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN NEUTROPHIL ĐỂ ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG VIÊM TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN MÀY ĐAY MẠN TÍNH

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and eosinophil-to-neutrophil ratio (ENR) with epidemiological and clinical factors in patients with chronic urticaria (CU). Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 60 CU patients, compared with 60 patients with acute urticaria (AU) and 60 healthy controls (HC) at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City from October 2024 to July 2025. CU was diagnosed according to the EAACI/GA²LEN/EDF/WAO criteria (presence of wheals and/or angioedema lasting ≥6 weeks). NLR and ENR were calculated from peripheral blood counts. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for between-group comparisons, and Spearman's correlation coefficient was applied to assess the association between inflammatory indices and disease activity (Urticaria Activity Score 4 – UAS4). Results: The three groups (CU, AU, HC) were comparable in terms of age and sex. ENR was significantly higher in the CU group than in the AU group (p < 0,05), while NLR showed no significant difference among the three groups. No significant variation in NLR or ENR was observed by age or sex within each group. In the CU group, UAS4 score was positively correlated with NLR (r = 0,5008; p = 0,0000) and negatively correlated with ENR (r = –0,4400; p = 0,0004). Conclusions: ENR was significantly elevated in CU patients compared to those with AU, suggesting a possible role of type 2 inflammation in pathogenesis. Although NLR did not differ between groups, it increased with disease severity. Combining both markers may assist in evaluating disease activity and guiding clinical monitoring in dermatologic practice.