ĐẶC ĐIỂM MÔ BỆNH HỌC U NGUYÊN BÀO MEN THEO PHÂN LOẠI TỔ CHỨC Y TẾ THẾ GIỚI NĂM 2022 VÀ SỰ BỘC LỘ BRAF V600E

Abstract

Objective: 1.To describe the histopathological features of ameloblastoma according to the 2022 World Health Organization classification.2.To determine the expression rate of BRAF V600E in ameloblastoma and correlate it with certain histopathological characteristics. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 165 patients with ameloblastoma diagnosed and treated at the National Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology. Results: The mean age was 34,1 ± 18,6 years (range: 5–85 years), with an approximately equal male-to-female ratio. The most common site was the mandible (90,3%). The mean tumor size was 4,1 ± 1,9 cm, with the majority measuring ≥ 3 cm (77,6%). The most prevalent histological type was the conventional type (69,7%), followed by the unicystic type (27,3%); other subtypes were rare (< 2%). Among 83 cases tested for BRAF V600E expression by immunohistochemistry, the overall positivity rate was 63,9%, ranging from 50% to 100% across histological subtypes, with no statistically significant difference between subtypes (p = 0,730). BRAF V600E expression showed no statistically significant association with age, sex, tumor location, or tumor size. Conclusions: Ameloblastomas predominantly present as the conventional and unicystic types according to the 2022 WHO classification, with a high rate of BRAF V600E expression in both types. No statistically significant association was observed between BRAF V600E expression status and age, sex, tumor location, or tumor size. These findings suggest that incorporating BRAF V600E immunohistochemistry into the diagnostic histopathology workflow may support prognosis assessment and guide the selection of appropriate therapeutic strategies.