ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT DẪN LƯU NÃO THẤT Ổ BỤNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ ĐA KHOA NGHỆ AN

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery in patients with hydrocephalus at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital. Subjects and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 83 medical records of patients aged ≥18 years who were diagnosed with hydrocephalus and underwent VP shunt surgery at the hospital. The analysis focused on two objectives: (1) Clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients undergoing surgery; and (2) Treatment outcomes at postoperative time points: immediately after surgery, 1 month, and 3 months. Results: The mean age was 49.9 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. The most common reasons for admission were headache (83.1%) and altered consciousness (78.0%). Obstructive hydrocephalus accounted for 88.0% of cases. Clinically, 50.6% presented with motor weakness, 34.9% with pyramidal tract signs, and 6.0% with Hakim’s triad. Imaging findings included Evans Index (FH/ID) ≥ 0.5 in 72.3%, “Mickey Mouse ears” sign in 95.2%, temporal horn width >2mm in 96.4%, and periventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transependymal flow in 92.8%. Positive CSF cultures were found in 1.2% of patients. The mean operative time was 52 minutes. Postoperative complications were minimal, with 91.6% of patients experiencing no complications. Good neurological outcomes (GOS IV–V) were observed in 60.2%, 89.2%, and 90.4% of patients immediately post-surgery, at 1 month, and at 3 months, respectively. Significant improvements in consciousness and general condition were noted at 1 and 3 months compared to immediately after surgery. Conclusion: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery was performed safely, with a low rate of complications and significant improvement in neurological function, consciousness, and general condition over time.