ĐÁNH GIÁ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN NỒNG ĐỘ CYFRA 21-1 VÀ CEA Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ PHỔI KHÔNG TẾ BÀO NHỎ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the serum levels of CYFRA 21-1 and CEA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to investigate their associations with selected clinical and paraclinical characteristics. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 221 NSCLC patients diagnosed and treated at Bach Mai Hospital between 2022 and 2023. Results: The median levels of CYFRA 21-1 and CEA were 6.60 ng/mL and 6.70 ng/mL, respectively, with elevated rates of 81.9% and 66.1%. CYFRA 21-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.008), distant metastasis (p = 0.010), and neurological symptoms such as headache and dizziness (p = 0.011). In contrast, elevated CEA levels were significantly associated with larger primary tumors (T > 2b) (p = 0.026) and respiratory symptoms including cough (p = 0.014), dyspnea (p = 0.010), and hemoptysis (p = 0.047). Both markers were significantly elevated in advanced stages (III–IV) compared to early stages (I–II) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: CYFRA 21-1 and CEA serve as complementary yet distinct biomarkers in the clinical assessment of NSCLC. CYFRA 21-1 is closely associated with squamous histology and distant metastasis, whereas CEA reflects primary tumor size and respiratory symptoms. A combined assessment of both markers may enhance prognostic evaluation and disease monitoring in NSCLC.