CÁC YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN DỊCH NÃO TUỶ Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH VIÊM MÀNG NÃO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2023-2025

Abstract

Background: Meningitis is a severe infection of the central nervous system in newborns, with non-specific clinical manifestations that make diagnosis challenging. Therefore, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis plays a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis, especially in neonates. Objectives: To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of neonates with meningitis at Can Tho Children’s Hospital in 2023-2025; to investigate the factors affecting changes in CSF components in newborns with meningitis at Can Tho Children's Hospital. Materials and methods:  This case series describes all neonates diagnosed with meningitis who were admitted to the Neonatal Department of Can Tho Children’s Hospital from March 2023 to February 2025. Results: A total of 58 neonates with meningitis were recorded, with a median age of 7.5 days. Male neonates accounted for a higher proportion of meningitis cases (58.6%). The majority of cases presented as late-onset meningitis (77.6%). Respiratory failure was the most prevalent clinical sign occurring in 53.4% of neonates diagnosed with meningitis. The median CSF protein concentration was 1.38 g/L (1-1,85g/L), while the median CSF white cell count was 20 cells/mm³ (10-83 cells/mm³). Low birth weight, respiratory failure and fever were factors affecting increased CSF protein; while age at admission ≥7 days, respiratory failure, fever and increased CRP were factors affecting increased CSF cells (p<0.05). Conclusion: Clinically, it is necessary to carefully examine low birth weight infants, hospitalized ≥7 days, with respiratory failure and fever to detect early meningitis.