ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ HÌNH ẢNH UNG THƯ THẬN CỦA BỆNH NHÂN ĐƯỢC SINH THIẾT DƯỚI HƯỚNG DẪN CỦA CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate certain clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with renal cancer who underwent biopsy under CT guidance. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 33 patients with renal cancer who were diagnosed and underwent surgery at Hanoi Oncology Hospital from January 2022 to January 2025. Outcomes: The average age of patients was 51.55 ± 13.89 years. Asymptomatic cases accounted for 60.6%, while symptomatic cases made up 39.4%. The location of renal cancer in the upper, middle, or lower poles of both kidneys showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05).  Tumors measuring 4 to 7 cm were the most common, accounting for 48.56%. The size distribution among tumor groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.103 > 0.05). The most frequently observed tumor characteristic was renal capsule bulging (91%), while capsular invasion was the least common (3%). Arterial-phase hyperenhancement was the most common contrast enhancement pattern, observed in 60.6% of cases, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Intratumoral hemorrhage and necrosis were present in 21% and 27% of cases, respectively. Perirenal lymphadenopathy was found in 3 patients (9%). Renal venous thrombosis was observed in 3% of patients. The most common type of renal carcinoma is clear cell carcinoma, accounting for 48.48%. Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma ranks second, making up 21.21%. Papillary renal cell carcinoma accounts for 9.1%, while other types of kidney cancer are rare. Conclusion: Renal cancer is commonly found in middle-aged or elderly patients and is often detected incidentally. On CT imaging, renal cancer typically exhibits strong arterial-phase contrast enhancement. Additionally, other features such as hemorrhage, necrosis, renal vein thrombosis and perirenal lymphadenopathy may also be observed.