PHÂN TÍCH SO SÁNH GIỮA XÉT NGHIỆM THỬ THÁCH MŨI VÀ XÉT NGHIỆM LẪY DA TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN VIÊM XOANG MŨI DỊ ỨNG NẤM ASPERGILLUS

Abstract

Background: Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a chronic form of rhinosinusitis characterized by a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the sinus mucosa to fungal allergens. The diagnostic tools for allergic fungal rhinosinusitis have not been well-studied, and there is a lack of specific data on the accuracy of skin prick tests and nasal provocation tests in the diagnosis of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the nasal provocation test compared to the skin prick test in the diagnosis of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. Methods: A descriptive case series study was conducted on 200 patients with fungal rhinosinusitis at the University Medical Center HCMC from January 2020 to June 2021. Results: Among 200 patients with fungal rhinosinusitis, 62 patients were diagnosed with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis based on positive NPT and SPT results. The NPT test had a sensitivity of 93.55% and a specificity of 100% for the diagnosis of AFRS due to Aspergillus. The SPT test showed a sensitivity of 51.72% and a specificity of 97.18%. Conclusion: Nasal provocation test demonstrated a higher sensitivity than skin prick test for Aspergillus allergens in the diagnosis of AFRS. Nevertheless, the combined use of both tests and a comprehensive assessment of the patient's immune and allergic status are important for effective diagnosis and management of AFRS.