ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM MÀNG NÃO DO LIÊN CẦU LỢN

Abstract

Streptococcus suis is a major cause of bacterial meningitis in humans in Vietnam, particularly in regions where ingestion of raw pork products or contact with pigs is common. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, antimicrobial susceptibility, and treatment outcomes of patients with S. suis meningitis. Methods: We conducted a cross‑sectional descriptive study involving 52 patients diagnosed with S.suis meningitis. Data collected included demographic characteristics, risk exposures, clinical presentations, blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters, antibiotic susceptibility profiles, and treatment outcomes. Results: 52 patients were enrolled in this study (male: 78.9%), mean age 57.7 (31-82). The majority of patients have fever, headache, and altered consciousness. Only 11.5% of patients had contact to pig or used pigs products. Laboratory tests showed elevated white blood cell counts, C‑reactive protein, and procalcitonin levels in blood samples. CSF was characteristically turbid, 92,0% of patients have protein >1 g/L, and 71,4% of patients have glucose <2.2 mmol/L. High resistance rates were observed to erythromycin (95%) and tetracycline (80%). The rate of full recovery without sequelae was 63.5%, 30.8% of patients developed hearing loss, and the case fatality rate was 5.8%. Conclusions: S.suis meningitis exhibits a consistent clinical and laboratory profile, including elevated inflammatory markers and characteristic CSF changes. High rates of resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline pose therapeutic challenges, and hearing impairment remains a common and important complication.