NHẬN XÉT MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH SỌ NÃO BỆNH NHÂN MÁU TỤ DƯỚI MÀNG CỨNG CẤP TÍNH DO CHẤN THƯƠNG ĐƯỢC PHẪU THUẬT MỞ SỌ GIẢI ÉP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 103

Abstract

Objective: Review on of cranial characteristics computed tomography in patients with acute traumatic subdural hematoma at 103 Military Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2022, including 49 patients with acute traumatic subdural hematoma who underwent decompressive craniectomy at the Department of Neurosurgery, Military Hospital 103. Cranial characteristics computed tomography. Results: The majority of acute subdural hematomas were located in the fronto-temporo-parietal region, accounting for 59.2%, with predominantly homogeneous hyperdense appearances observed in 55.1% of cases. All patients exhibited hematoma thickness on CT scans exceeding 1 cm, with a midline shift greater than 5 mm. Specifically, 95.9% of hematomas measured between 1–3 cm in thickness, and 59.1% showed a midline shift ranging from 5–10 mm. Most patients demonstrated signs of cerebral edema and basal cistern compression (73.5%), of which 47% presented with obliteration of the basal cisterns. Only 10.2% of patients had isolated subdural hematomas, while the remainder exhibited concomitant intracranial injuries, most commonly cerebral contusions (61.2%). Conclusion: Acute subdural hematomas on cranial computed tomography typically appear as homogeneously hyperdense collections, most commonly located in the fronto-temporo-parietal region. Patients often present with clinical signs of increased intracranial pressure and undergo decompressive craniectomy when the midline shift on CT exceeds 5 mm. The majority of cases also demonstrate obliteration or effacement of the basal cisterns on cranial CT imaging.