ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ MRI SỌ NÃO Ở BỆNH NHÂN NGỘ ĐỘC CẤP FLUOROACETAT

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the clinical features, laboratory abnormalities and brain MRI characteristics of patients with acute poisoning of fluoroacetate. Subjects and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 55 patients with fluoroacetate poisoning at the Poison Control Center of Bach Mai Hospital from January 2024 to April 2025. Results: Fluoroacetate poisoning were common in male (58.2%), aged 20 - 29 (30.9%), and working as farmers (36.4%). Hospital admission were usually late after 12 hours (52.7%). Moderate-severe poisoning group (PSS 2 - 3) often presented neuromuscular manifestations such as increased tendon reflexes, Chvostek and Trousseau signs, higher rates of seizures, severe disturbances of consciousness and rhabdomyolysis and hypocalcemia. Electroencephalographic abnormalities were recorded in 21.8% of the patients with the predominant theta slow waves. White matter lesions on brain MRI were presented in 74.5% of the patients with bilateral symmetrical lesions and the main lesions were in the corpus callosum and the center semiovale. Conclusion: Fluoroacetate poisoning was characterized by neuromuscular symptoms, disturbances of consciousness, ionized hypocalcemia, and symmetrical white matter lesions on brain MRI.