TÌNH TRẠNG SUY DINH DƯỠNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN CỦA TRẺ EM VIÊM AMIDAN MẠN TÍNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TAI MŨI HỌNG TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2024-2025

Abstract

Objective: The study aims to describe the nutritional status and some related factors of children with chronic tonsillitis at the Central ENT Hospital in 2024-2025. Study design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Results: The study on 125 children with tonsillitis at the Central ENT Hospital showed that the average age was 5 ± 2. The 3–5 year old group accounted for 57.6%, the lowest was the 10–12 year old group (4.8%). The proportion of boys was 61.6%. 79.2% of children had tonsillitis >5 times before hospitalization. The rate of respiratory infections was 42.4%, digestive infections 9.6%, and associated ENT diseases was 20.8%. Only 3.2% were treated at the frontline. The 3–5 year old group had the highest rate of underweight malnutrition (29.2%), wasting malnutrition and stunting were both 22.2%. In the 6–7 year old group, the rate of wasting malnutrition was the highest (17.9%), followed by underweight malnutrition (15.4%) and stunting malnutrition (12.8%). The 8–9 year old group had both underweight malnutrition and wasting malnutrition rates of 12.5%. Children with respiratory infections had a higher risk of wasting malnutrition (OR = 4.0; 95%CI: 2.1–6.9; p < 0.001); with digestive infections, the risk was even higher (OR = 6.3; 95%CI: 3.0–12.4; p < 0.001). In addition, children who ate less when they had tonsillitis (OR = 4.9; 95%CI: 1.6–8.1; p = 0.004) or lost weight (OR = 5.3; 95%CI: 2.2–8.6; p < 0.001) were also at higher risk of wasting malnutrition than children who did not lose weight. Conclusion: The study results showed that children with tonsillitis, especially young children and those with respiratory or digestive infections or reduced appetite and weight loss, were at high risk of wasting malnutrition and needed to be monitored and given timely nutritional intervention.