MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA NỒNG ĐỘ HBV-DNA VỚI HBEAG, AST VÀ ALT Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM GAN VI RÚT B MẠN TÍNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH HẢI DƯƠNG NĂM 2022

Abstract

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a prevalent infectious disease in Vietnam and poses a high risk of progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Simultaneous assessment of HBV–DNA levels, HBeAg status, and liver enzymes (AST, ALT) is essential for monitoring disease progression and optimizing treatment decisions. Objective: To determine the association between HBV–DNA levels and HBeAg status, AST, and ALT activity in CHB patients at Hai Duong General Hospital in 2022. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on 153 medical records of CHB patients who had not received antiviral treatment and had complete laboratory results for HBV–DNA, HBeAg, AST, and ALT. Results: Among the patients, 52.9% had HBV–DNA levels <10⁴ copies/mL. The mean HBV–DNA concentration was significantly higher in the HBeAg-positive group compared to the HBeAg-negative group (1.62×10⁸ vs. 3.11×10⁷ copies/mL; p=0,000). AST and ALT levels increased progressively with higher HBV–DNA concentrations, peaking in the >10⁵ copies/mL group (AST: 282.4 U/L; ALT: 336.1 U/L; p=0,000). The highest proportions of patients with AST and ALT levels exceeding five times the upper normal limit was also observed in this group (11.1% and 8.5%, respectively). Conclusion: HBV–DNA viral load was significantly associated with HBeAg status and elevated transaminase levels, underscoring its value in assessing disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis B.