ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH HÌNH SỬ DỤNG THUỐC TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ TIÊU CHẢY TẠI KHOA TIÊU HÓA BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To survey the drug utilization patterns and analyze associated factors in the treatment of acute diarrhea among pediatric patients at Can Tho Children's Hospital in 2024. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by reviewing 246 medical records of children (≤16 years old) hospitalized with a diagnosis of diarrhea during 2024. Results: Among the 246 pediatric patients, the majority were male (61.0%), presented without dehydration (86.2%), and exhibited watery stools as the predominant clinical sign (86.2%). Regarding therapeutic practices, oral rehydration solution (ORS) was utilized sparingly (6.9%), whereas intravenous fluid therapy (Lactated Ringer's solution) was administered in the majority of cases (76.4%), despite the absence of severe dehydration. Zinc supplementation rates were high (85.8%), with 74.9% of cases receiving appropriate dosages according to recommendations. Antibiotics were prescribed to 76.0% of pediatric patients, primarily Cefotaxime, Cefixime, Azithromycin, and Ciprofloxacin; while dosages were largely appropriate, the scope of indications remained broad. In the context of limited utilization of supportive laboratory diagnostics (such as stool microscopy), regression analysis revealed that stool characteristics represented the sole statistically significant predictor for antibiotic prescription (p = 0.0286). Probiotics were prescribed to 100% of the pediatric patients.