ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN BỆNH THẬN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with rising prevalence, imposing a substantial healthcare burden. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a frequent microvascular complication, affecting 30–50% of patients, and represents the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Objective: This study aimed to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and to analyze associated factors in patients with DKD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at Thai Nguyen Central Hospital from August 2024 to June 2025. Results: The prevalence of DKD was 46.4%. The mean age of the study population was 69.7 ± 10.7 years, with males accounting for 58.2%, predominating over females at 41.8%. Patients with DKD had a mean diabetes duration of 15.2 ± 5.4 years. Metabolic syndrome was present in 82.4%, while edema and anemia were observed in 37.3% and 51%, respectively. HbA1c levels were significantly higher in the DKD group, and the prevalence of positive microalbuminuria was 37.3%. Factors associated with DKD included age ≥60 years, diabetes duration ≥10 years, poor glycemic control, and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: DKD was highly prevalent among patients with type 2 DM and was strongly linked to cardiometabolic risk factors. Early detection and optimal management of modifiable risk factors are essential to improving prognosis.