ỨNG DỤNG NITRIC OXIDE XỊT MŨI TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM MŨI XOANG CẤP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH NĂM 2024 – 2025

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the clinical features and treatment efficacy of adjunctive intranasal Nitric Oxide (NO) spray in patients with acute rhinosinusitis. Subjects and Methods: This was a longitudinal prospective  case series study was conducted on 103 patients diagnosed with acute rhinosinusitis at the University Medical Center in Ho Chi Minh City from December 2024 to May 2025. Results: The study included 103 patients (31 males – 30.1%, 72 females – 69.9%) with a median age of 36 years (IQR: 30–48). On day 0, common severe symptoms included frequent need to blow nose (68.9%), nasal congestion (53.4%), sneezing (51.5%), and anterior rhinorrhea (50.5%). Otologic/facial symptoms and sleep disturbances were mostly mild. Regarding treatment efficacy, SNOT-22 scores decreased more rapidly in the NO spray group from day 7 (43.32 ± 4.71 vs 52.94 ± 6.19; p < 0.001), remained significantly lower on day 14 (32.03 ± 5.01 vs. 44.47 ± 7.24), and became almost comparable by day 28 (27.12 ± 4.50 vs. 31.12 ± 4.89). Similarly, the modified Lund–Kennedy endoscopy scores (MLK) was initially higher in the NO spray group (4.94 ± 0.94 vs. 3.88 ± 1.84; p < 0.001), but show faster improvement on day 7 (2.68 ± 0.78 vs. 3.35 ± 1.28; p = 0.001), becoming comparable by day 14 (p = 0.584). Conclusion: Patients treated with adjunctive intranasal NO spray showed experienced faster and more significant symptom improvement than the control group within the first treatment week. The differences between the two groups decreased over time, highlighting the pronounced effect NO in the acute phase. By day 28, both groups achieved good recovery, but the NO group achieved stable outcomes earlier.