VAI TRÒ CỦA XQUANG VÚ CÓ TIÊM THUỐC CẢN QUANG (CEM) TRONG SÀNG LỌC VÀ CHẨN ĐOÁN BỆNH LÝ UNG THƯ VÚ

Abstract

Objective: To provide an overview of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), including its technical principles, examination protocol, and clinical applications in breast cancer screening, diagnosis and intervention. Methods: A narrative review was conducted, collecting and analyzing recent studies on CEM published between 2011 and 2025. The literature was retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar… Results: CEM is a breast imaging technique that combines anatomical and functional information by using dual-energy X-ray imaging after intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material to generate recombined images reflecting tumor neoangiogenesis. The reported sensitivity of CEM for breast cancer detection ranges from 91–97%, with specificity between 74–97%, comparable to or higher than conventional mammography and similar to breast MRI. CEM is particularly useful in women with dense breast tissue and can be used to guide biopsy for lesions visible only on mammography, with diagnostic accuracy comparable to MRI-guided biopsy but with lower cost and shorter examination time. Conclusion: CEM is a modern breast imaging modality with diagnostic performance comparable to MRI while being easier to implement and more cost-effective. It offers broad potential applications in breast cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and image-guided interventions.