SO SÁNH ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG GIỮA BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU CƠ TIM CẤP CÓ VÀ KHÔNG CÓ ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG

Abstract

Objectives: To compare clinical and paraclinical characteristics between patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among first-time AMI patients admitted to the Department of Cardiology and the Department of Interventional Cardiology at Cho Ray Hospital from September 2020 to September 2021. Clinical and paraclinical data were collected and compared between the DM and non-DM groups. Results: The study included 413 AMI patients with a diabetes prevalence of 23.5%. The DM group had a higher proportion of female patients (39.2% vs. 22.8%; p = 0.001), higher admission heart rate (83 vs. 78 beats/min; p = 0.003), and more severe Killip class (p = 0.033). The proportion of smokers was lower in the DM group (34.0% vs. 47.8%; p = 0.017). Regarding paraclinical characteristics, the DM group had lower blood HDL-C levels (32.5 vs. 35.0 mg/dL; p = 0.001), higher blood triglyceride levels (167.5 vs. 144.0 mg/dL; p = 0.010), and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (45% vs. 48%; p = 0.026). There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding age, clinical presentation, renal function, peak troponin I levels, or the location and number of diseased coronary vessels. Conclusion: AMI patients with DM exhibited more unfavorable clinical and paraclinical features than non-DM patients, particularly heart rate, Killip class, HDL-C, and triglyceride levels, and left ventricular systolic function