ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH ĐỘNG MẠCH VÀNH TRONG BỆNH LÝ KAWASAKI TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN CHỢ RẪY

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary artery comprises of left coronary artery and right coronary artery, which originate from Aortic root, carries high oxygenated blood and nutrients in order to nourish the entire heart. Pediatric coronary artery disease is very rare (#accounts for 1% of population). Congenital: Isolated coronary artery anomalies (coronary artery originates from pulmonary artery: ALCAPA; the absence of left or right coronary artery; abnormal connections between one of the coronary arteries and other structures such as the heart chambers or other blood vessels: coronary artery fistula) and coronary artery diseases associated with other congenital heart defects (Tetralogy of Fallot; transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary artery atresia). Acquired: Coronary artery aneurysm, dilation, and thrombosis in Kawasaki disease; atherosclerosis; post-trauma; infections, connective tissue disease. Coronary artery vasospasm, myocardial bridging. Kawasaki disease is an acute systemic vasculitis that occurs in infants and young children. The disease primarily affects medium and small- sized blood vessels, with the coronary arteries being the most critically involved. Coronary artery aneurysms develop in approximately 15% to 25% of untreated cases and may lead to myocardial ischemia and sudden death. The clinical manifestations and progession are very critical, threatening patients’ life. Imaging tests: Echocardiography, Computed tomography chest scan to assess coronary arteries, cardiac catheterization. Treatment depends on particular anomalies: Coronary intervention, reconstructive or plasty surgery, coronary artery bypass. Objective: Assessment the clinical characteristis and treatment. Subject and Method: Observational, retrospective from the year June-2024 to Augst-2025, there were 8 coronary artery disease patients who underwent intervention and surgery at our Department of pediatric cardiac surgery in Cho Ray hospital. Results: There were 4 patients: 2 males, 2 females; the mean age was 9. Main symptoms: Fatique, shortness of breath, chest pain. Conclusion: The clinical manifestation of coronary artery diseases varies divergently from no symptom to critical and life threatening symptoms. Definitive diagnosis: Echocardiography, Computed tomography chest scan to assess coronary arteries, cardiac catheterization. The surgery results depend on individual injury, good result. However, long-term moniroting is required.