SO SÁNH ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN XƠ GAN XUẤT HUYẾT DO VỠ GIÃN TĨNH MẠCH DẠ DÀY VÀ THỰC QUẢN

Abstract

Objective: To compare the clinical, laboratory characteristics, and severity of liver disease between two groups of cirrhotic patients hospitalized for upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastric versus esophageal variceal rupture. Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative, retrospective study was conducted on 150 cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding, divided into two groups: the GV group (n=38) and the EV group (n=112), treated at Cho Ray Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024. T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test were used for comparison. Results: Compared to the EV group, the GV group had a higher rate of hematemesis (82% vs. 46%; p < 0.001), a significantly higher rate of hemodynamic instability at admission (21% vs. 3%; p < 0.001), and a lower mean hemoglobin (Hb) level (74.7 g/L vs. 85.2 g/L; p = 0.046). There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, etiology of cirrhosis, comorbidities, or mean Child-Pugh score between the two groups. Conclusion: The GV bleeding group presents with a more severe initial presentation and more massive blood loss. These results may help early etiologic orientation and risk stratification.