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THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRIMARY MANDIBULAR FIRST MOLARS AND THEIR ROOT CANALS ON CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGES AT THE NATINONAL HOSPITAL OF ODONTO -STOMATOLOGY, HANOI
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the number and morphology of roots of the primary mandibular first molars and the morphological characteristics of their root canals on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images at the Natinonal Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi. Subjects: Children under 10 years of age treated at the National Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi who underwent CBCT for maxillofacial diagnosis from December 2024 to May 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Results: The mean root lengths were 9.67 ± 1.009 mm for the mesial root, 7.32 ± 1.087 mm for the distal root, and 7.73 ± 0.886 mm for the distolingual root. The mesial root exhibited the greatest mean curvature (23.09° ± 9.791°), predominantly ranging from moderate to severe curvature. The distal root showed a mean curvature of 16.66° ± 7.197°, typically mild to moderate, while the distolingual root had a mean curvature of 21.51° ± 4.947°, with four cases presenting moderate to severe curvature. Teeth with three root canals accounted for the highest proportion (46.67%), followed by four canals (28.33%) and two canals (25%). The most common root canal configuration was M1-2D1-2 (26.66%), followed by M1D1 (25%), M1D1-2 (20%), M1-2D1 (16.67%), M1DB1DL1 (6.67%), and M1D2 (5%). A rare finding was observed in teeth R74 and R84, which exhibited C-shaped root canals with two fused roots, classified as CsCII (M//D). Conclusion: The mesial root was generally longer and exhibited the greatest curvature. Three to four root canals were most commonly observed, with the M1-2D1-2 configuration being the predominant pattern. The rare occurrence of C-shaped root canals with fused roots highlights the complexity of root canal anatomy and its clinical implications for diagnosis and endodontic treatment.
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Keywords
Mandibular primary first molar, root canal morphology, Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
References
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