KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊ TẬT TIM BẨM SINH Ở THAI NHI TRÊN THAI PHỤ ĐẾN KHÁM SÀNG LỌC TIM BẨM SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN SẢN - NHI SÓC TRĂNG NĂM 2023 - 2024

Abstract

Background: Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital anomaly and a leading cause of perinatal mortality worldwide. Early detection enables accurate diagnosis, comprehensive prognostic assessment, appropriate follow-up, and safe delivery planning, especially for cases requiring early postnatal intervention or surgery.

Objective: To determine the rate and some related factors of congenital heart defects in fetuses among pregnant women examined at Soc Trang Hospital for Women and Children from May 2023 to May 2024.

Subjects and Methods: Pregnant women from 16 to 40 weeks of gestation who underwent fetal heart screening ultrasound at the hospital from May 2023 to May 2024 were included in the study.

Results: The rate of abnormal fetal heart ultrasound was 1.42%, including Tetralogy of Fallot, hypoplastic left ventricle, interrupted aortic arch, complete atrioventricular canal defect, right/left heart asymmetry, and coarctation of the aorta. Abnormalities were more common in mothers aged ≥35 years (2.82%) than <35 years (1.07%), and in fathers aged ≥35 years (3.53%) than <35 years (0.75%), but the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Mothers living in urban areas had a higher abnormality rate (2.33%) than those in rural areas (1.13%) (p>0.05). Factors such as history of birth defects, family history, alcohol or tobacco use, X-ray exposure, medication use, comorbidities, and viral infections during the first trimester were not significantly related to fetal heart defects (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Fetal echocardiography is a non-invasive and reliable method for diagnosing congenital heart disease. Early detection allows further screening and diagnostic tests to comprehensively assess fetal prognosis.