XÁC ĐỊNH SỰ THAY ĐỔI LOẠN THỊ VÀ TRỤC LOẠN THỊ TRƯỚC VÀ SAU CẮT BÈ CỦNG GIÁC MẠC TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ GLAUCOMA

Abstract

Objective: To describe clinical characteristics and evaluate refractive changes before and after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients.

Methods: This prospective case series included 31 patients with primary open-angle or primary angle-closure glaucoma undergoing trabeculectomy at Ho Chi Minh City Eye Hospital from March to September 2025. Variables such as visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal astigmatism, and axis were assessed preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively.

Results: Among 31 cases, the gender distribution was nearly equal (52% male, 48% female), with 48.4% aged between 40 and 60. Postoperative IOP decreased significantly, while visual acuity remained stable. Mean corneal astigmatism increased slightly at week 1 (1.31 ± 0.61 D) and decreased at 1 month (0.98 ± 0.50 D, p=0.003). No significant changes in astigmatic axis were observed (p=0.702). A trend from oblique to with-the-rule astigmatism was noted at 1 month post-surgery.

Conclusions: Trabeculectomy effectively reduces IOP without adversely affecting vision. However, early postoperative refractive changes, particularly in astigmatism, should be considered. Patient counseling and monitoring of refractive outcomes are recommended for optimizing visual results.