ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ MÔ BỆNH HỌC SAU ĐIỀU TRỊ VÀ CÁC Biện PHÁP XỬ TRÍ TIẾP THEO Ở BỆNH NHÂN TỔN THƯƠNG TIỀN UNG THƯ CỔ TỬ CUNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2024

Abstract

Objective: Evaluation of Histopathological Results After Treatment of Cervical Precancerous Lesions.

Subjects and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study, combined with longitudinal follow-up after histopathological confirmation, was conducted on 296 patients with cervical lesions treated at the Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, between January and December 2024. Eligible patients had complete cervical cytology, HPV genotyping, and post-intervention histopathological results. Data were extracted from medical records and analyzed using.

Results: Initial cervical biopsy results showed that CIN I accounted for 37.5%, CIN II for 25.3%, and CIN III for 37.2% of cases; no invasive cervical cancer was identified at baseline. The most commonly used treatment modality was loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) (59.8%), followed by cold-knife conization (20.9%) and hysterectomy (13.2%). For CIN II and CIN III lesions, LEEP was the most frequently indicated treatment, accounting for 81.3% and 89.1% of cases, respectively. After the initial treatment, 34.8% of patients had negative histopathological results, whereas 64.3% still had residual precancerous lesions; invasive cancer was detected in 3 cases (1%). Following the first treatment, 85.8% of patients were managed with regular follow-up, while 14.2% required additional interventions, including repeat LEEP, hysterectomy, or radiotherapy.

Conclusion: LEEP was the primary treatment modality for managing cervical precancerous lesions. The rate of residual lesions after the initial treatment remained high, particularly among patients with CIN II–III. Invasive cancer was detected in 3 cases (1%), highlighting the need to optimize treatment techniques and post-treatment surveillance to reduce the risk of residual disease and progression to invasive cervical cancer.