EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA TREATED WITH BOTULINUM TOXIN

Thị Thanh Giang Phạm 1, , Thị Phan Thúy Nguyễn 1
1 Dermatology Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City

Main Article Content

Abstract

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia is a common complication of Herpes zoster, causing persistent pain and significantly affecting quality of life. Current medical treatments remain limited due to adverse effects associated with long-term use. Botulinum toxin type A is considered a potential therapeutic option.


Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of patients with postherpetic neuralgia treated with botulinum toxin.


Methods: A case series study was conducted on 10 patients aged ≥18 years with postherpetic neuralgia lasting ≥3 months at Ho Chi Minh City Hospital of Dermato-Venereology (February-October 2025). Patients received BoNT-A injections with a mean dose of 75 units and an average of 15.3 injection points. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment. Epidemiological characteristics were also recorded.


Results: The mean age was 69.3 years (range 47-83), with the majority aged ≥60 years; 60% were male and 40% female. The mean duration of pain was 3 months. The most commonly affected areas were the trunk (70%) and face (30%). The baseline VAS score was 9.4 ± 0.70.


After treatment, the VAS score decreased to 2.7 ± 0.95 at 2 weeks, 2.5 ± 0.97 at 1 month, and 3.1 ± 0.74 at 3 months (p < 0.0001), corresponding to an average reduction of 67.3%. The pain area decreased from 100% at baseline to 29 ± 15.2% after the first assessment, remained at 29 ± 15.2% after the second, and increased slightly to 36 ± 17.0% after the third (p < 0.0001). No significant correlation was found between age and treatment efficacy, nor between dosage and reduction in pain area (p > 0.05).


Conclusion: Botulinum toxin type A is an effective and safe treatment for postherpetic neuralgia. Epidemiological factors such as age, injection dose, and pain area showed no correlation with treatment outcomes.

Article Details

References

1. Casale R, Tugnoli V. Botulinum Toxin for Pain. Vol 9. 2008.
2. Cui M, Khanijou S, Rubino J, Aoki KR. Subcutaneous administration of botulinum toxin a reduces formalin-induced pain. Pain. 2004;107(1-2):125-133. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2003.10.008
3. Apalla Z, Sotiriou E, Lallas A, Lazaridou E, Ioannides D. Botulinum Toxin A in Postherpetic Neuralgia Placebo-Controlled Trial. 2013. www.clinicalpain.com
4. Shehata HS, El-Tamawy MS, Shalaby NM, Ramzy G. Botulinum Toxin-Type A: Could It Be an Effective Treatment Option in Intractable Trigeminal Neuralgia? 2013. http://www.thejournalofheadacheandpain.com/content/14/1/92
5. Wu CJ, Lian YJ, Zheng YK, et al. Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Cephalalgia. 2012;32(6):443-450. doi:10.1177/0333102412441721

6. Hu Y, Guan X, Fan L, et al. Therapeutic efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in trigeminal neuralgia: a systematic review. J Headache Pain. 2013;14:72. doi:10.1186/1129-2377-14-72
7. Bohluli B, Motamedi MHK, Bagheri SC, et al. Use of botulinum toxin A for drug-refractory trigeminal neuralgia: Preliminary report. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endodontology. 2011;111(1):47-50. doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.04.043
8. Piovesan E, Teive H, Kowacs P, et al. An Open Study of Botulinum-A Toxin Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia. 2005. www.neurology.org
9. Dolly JO, O’Connell MA. Neurotherapeutics to inhibit exocytosis from sensory neurons for the control of chronic pain. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2012;12(1):100-108. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2011.11.001
10. Zúñiga C, Piedimonte F, Díaz S, Micheli F. Acute treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with onabotulinum toxin A. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2013;36(5):146-150. doi:10.1097/WNF.0b013e31829cb60e