DISTRIBUTION AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF H. INFLUENZAE AND S. PNEUMONIAE ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN WITH RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION AT HAI DUONG CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL IN 2024
Main Article Content
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae are leading bacterial pathogens causing respiratory infections in children.
Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae isolated at Hai Duong Children’s Hospital in 2024.
Subjects and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on all strains of H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae isolated from respiratory specimens from children patients with respiratory tract infections at Hai Duong Children’s Hospital in 2024. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed.
Results: In 2024, Hai Duong Children’s Hospital isolated 566 strains of H. influenzae and 536 strains of S. pneumoniae causing respiratory infections in young children. The age group most frequently affected by both bacteria was 2-12 months, with the highest incidence observed during the first four months of the year. The infection rate was higher in males than females. Both bacteria were predominantly isolated from upper respiratory tract specimens, with the highest detection rate in the respiratory department. H. influenzae remained highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin (93.43%), piperacillin-tazobactam (92.59%), chloramphenicol (91.53%), and levofloxacin (89.68%), but showed high resistance to cefuroxime (92.07%), ampicillin (90.31%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (78.81%). S. pneumoniae showed high sensitivity to linezolid (99.77%), tigecycline (99.77%), moxifloxacin (98.35%), ofloxacin (97.78%), levofloxacin (96.91%), and other fluoroquinolones (>90%), while displaying the highest resistance to macrolide antibiotics.
Conclusion: Both H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae primarily caused infections in children aged 2-12 months, with the highest incidence during the winter-spring season. While both pathogens remain sensitive to various antibiotics, resistance rates are increasing for several commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of pediatric respiratory infections.
Keywords
H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, antibiotic resistance, respiratory infections in children
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