KHẢO SÁT MỨC ĐỘ NHẠY CẢM KHÁNG SINH CEFTAZIDIME/AVIBACTAM CỦA KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE Ở BỆNH NHÂN KHOA HỒI SỨC CẤP CỨU BỆNH VIỆN CHỢ RẪY

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, there have been reports worldwide of cases using new combination antibiotics such as ceftazidime/avibactam - a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor with activity against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), showing promising initial results. In Vietnam, ceftazidime/avibactam has been used, but there is still limited research on its sensitivity. To contribute additional evidence regarding the efficacy of this new antibiotic, we conducted the study titled “Survey on the sensitivity to ceftazidime/avibactam antibiotic of klebsiella pneumoniae in patients in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit of Cho Ray Hospital”. Objective: 1. Determine the characteristics and resistance rates of K. pneumoniae against antibiotics in patients in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit of Cho Ray Hospital. 2. Determine the susceptibility rate of K. pneumoniae to ceftazidime/avibactam in patients in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit of Cho Ray Hospital. Method: The cross-sectional study, from December 2022 to September 2023. The study subjects were cases in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit with positive bacterial cultures identified as K pneumoniae, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed in the Microbiology Department. Result: Among the 75 samples, K. pneumoniae exhibited complete resistance to antibiotics such as piperacillin/tazobactam, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, or showed only susceptibility a low rate (<10%) to antibiotics like ceftriaxone, ertapenem, imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, levofloxacin. Some antibiotics, such as gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tigecycline, remained sensitive at rates ranging from 17,3% to 60%. The resistance rate to ceftazidime/avibactam in K. pneumoniae was 58,7%, and MIC >256 µg/ml was also 58,7%. Conclusion: During treatment, determining bacterial sensitivity to various antibiotics, especially for multidrug-resistant bacteria against newer antibiotics like ceftazidime/avibactam, is of utmost importance. This will aid in selecting appropriate antibiotics and limiting the development of antibiotic resistance.